Franz Theodor Kruger Associate Professor journalistikk, medier og kommunikasjon NLA University College Gimlekollen 38 90 15 75 Send e-mail Send e-mail Office: Gimlekollen See full cristin profile Norwegian Workfield: {{field.description}} , Choose your workfeilds(ctrl for multiselect) Update workfield Research and publications Update publications <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;">(Selected recent publications)</span></h3> <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Peer-reviewed articles:</span></span></span></h3> <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">(2023) Strings attached: Sustainability and dependence in five models of media in marginalized communities. </span></span><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">Journal of Alternative and Community Media</span></span></em><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"> , 7:2, pp 179 - 197</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></span></h3> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin: 0px 0px 24px; color: #363636; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">(2023) Public support for local and community media in three countries: a comparative study. </span></span><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">African journalism studies</span></span></em><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"> , 44:4, pp 310 - 326</span></span></span></span></p> <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">(2019) Difficulties with balance: normative contestation, ambiguity and change in reporting AIDS denialism. In: </span></span><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">Journalism, published online at </span></span></em></span><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: 150ms; color: #447945; border-bottom: 2px solid #a9cf98;" href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884919837423"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884919837423</span></a></span></h3> <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Policy papers:</span></span></h3> <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;">(2025) Leveling the media playing field: Lessons from South Africa (co-authored with Sarah Chiumbu and Jayshree Pather), commissioned by the Center for International Media Assistance, under the National Endowment for Democracy, Washington.</span></h3> <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Books:</span></span></h3> <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">(In preparation) </span></span><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">Local Voices: media on the margins in South Africa, co-edited collection with Sarah Chiumbu and Herman Wasserman, under contract with Palgrave. Manuscript to be delivered May 2025</span></span></em></span></h3> <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">(2013) </span></span><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">The Healthy Community Radio Station</span></span></em><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"> (Johannesburg: Osisa & Wits Radio Academy) co-authored with Mike Smurthwaite and Romanus Monji</span></span></span></h3> <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">(2006) </span></span><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">Radio Journalism Toolkit</span></span></em><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"> (Johannesburg: Institute for the Advancement of Journalism and STE)</span></span></span></h3> <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">(2004) </span></span><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">Black, white and grey: ethics in SA journalism</span></span></em><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"> (Cape Town: Double Storey)</span></span></span></h3> Education Update education <ul style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: -10px 0px 24px; list-style: none; padding-left: 14px; color: #363636; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;"> <li style="box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: -0.7em; line-height: 2;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;">2013 - 2019 Wits University, Johannesburg: </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"> PhD. Thesis </span><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">: </span></span><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">Signposts in an Earthquake: Journalism ethics and the political transition in South Africa</span></span></em></span></li> <li style="box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: -0.7em; line-height: 2;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">1988 - 1989 City University, London: MA in international journalism, study done</span></li> <li style="box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: -0.7em; line-height: 2;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;">possible by British Council scholarship</span></li> <li style="box-sizing: border-box; text-indent: -0.7em; line-height: 2;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">1978 - 1980 </span></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">University of Cape Town: BA with majors in English and German</span></span></span></li> </ul> Teaching Update teaching <p style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin: 0px 0px 24px; color: #363636; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">At NLA: Global Media Ethics, (MA); Journalism Development and Democracy (MA</span></p> <p style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin: 0px 0px 24px; color: #363636; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">At Wits: Journalism Ethics (MA), Advanced Sub-editing (MA), Radio Foundations (certificate), Radio Journalism (MA)</span></p> Dissemination Update dissemination <h3 style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin-top: 0px; color: #363636; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; font-size: 1.4375rem; margin-bottom: 4px; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;">(2024) </span><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: 150ms; color: #447945; border-bottom: 2px solid #a9cf98;" href="https://theconversation.com/sabc-crisis-south-africa-needs-its-public-broadcaster-but-who-is-going-to-fund-it-245054"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">SABC crisis: South Africa needs its public broadcaster – but who is going to fund it?</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> In: The Conversation</span></h3> <p class="MsoNormal" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin: 0px 0px 24px; color: #363636; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">(2023) Module on media viability in Mooc (Mass Open Access Online Course) </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;">on media freedom policy in Africa, in memory of activist Jeanette Minnie</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; hyphens: manual; margin: 0px 0px 24px; color: #363636; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;"><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;">(2022) </span><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><a style="box-sizing: border-box; background-color: transparent; text-decoration-line: none; transition: 150ms; color: #447945; border-bottom: 2px solid #a9cf98;" href="https://theconversation.com/DIGITAL-MIGRATION-COURT-DELAY-UPHOLDS-INFORMATION-RIGHTS-OF-POOR-SOUTH-AFRICANS-185922"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;">Digital Migration: Court delay upholds information rights of poor South Africans.</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; vertical-align: inherit;"> In: The Conversation</span></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </span></span></p> Projects Update projects <p><span style="color: #363636; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;">Local voices: marginalized media in South Africa - research project</span></p>